. The Great Pyramid . Khufu .
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Khufu
King room corridor and closing stones
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It connects a corridor between the large lobby and the king's room. The corridor is 85 and 6 meters long and 1,05 meters wide at 1,11 meters. The corridor passes through a middle of a granite room with granite closing stones. These stones are closed by falling. Three granite stones each weighing about 5 and 2 tons were used mainly to close the room. It was possible to move these stones vertically through openings 55 centimeters wide. It seems that these stones were raised during construction by ropes and a system of wooden veins and stones, so that the corridor remains open until it is closed later.
The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid of Giza
To pass the ropes, the granite closure stones were punctured from the top 4 holes. On the chamber walls, round members are still present for three horizontally installed cylindrical wood veins, to which the ropes were tightened. On the rear wall are four semi-circular grooves that were thought to have passed the ropes bearing the closing stones.
One of the closing stones was found in the cave and on some of the stone remains in the ascending corridor. A large part of a closing stone was found in front of the original entrance to the pyramid. .
The grooves in the rear wall, believed to have been to pass the ropes bearing the closing stones.
King Room
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The dimensions of the king's chamber are 10.47 meters (34.4 feet) from east to west, and 5.234 meters from north to south. It has a flat roof at a height of 5.974 meters above ground. There are two narrow openings at a height of 0.91 m, one in the north wall and the other in the southern wall of the room. These openings reach two narrow tunnels that reach almost the surface of the pyramid; they travel to the stars in the northern and southern sky.
The purpose of these spending is unclear so far. Egyptologists have long thought that the purpose is to ventilate, but this belief has now been neglected for the most common belief that these small tunnels were made to serve the ceremonial purpose of directing the king's spirit to heaven. [54] Each of the two narrow tunnels heading to a star or a stellar group was significant in ancient Egyptian religious beliefs, such as Yemeni poetry and was called by the ancient Egyptians "Sobdat"
The coffin in the king's room is now
King Khufu's chamber in the pyramid is the only chamber of the Egyptian families from the fourth until the sixth and its roof is flat and not in the form of a camel roof. The design of the room is to be suitable for roofing with six-meter-long polygonal stones of granite; then the construction of rooms above it is low, and then topped by a roof of large stones, all to reduce the pressure of the pyramid on the king's chamber.
The Rock Room
In the king's chamber to the west there is a granite coffin of the king. His cover does not exist. The sarcophagus consists of a single piece of granite, engraved and spread to obtain this shape. Effects on its interior indicate that it was treated with copper tools with the addition of quarry sand as abrasive material. The effects also indicate the use of copper piles that may be 11 centimeters in diameter and 5 mm in thickness for the preparation of the coffin.
The size of the coffin (by 2.28 mx 0.99 mx 1,05 m) does not allow it to be moved through the corridors. Therefore, it was placed in its place at the time of construction prior to the installation of the ceiling of the chamber. With rods.
The coffin in the king's room in the past
Reports from Arab historians from the Middle Ages indicate that a coffin was found in the form of a mummy, but this coffin does not exist now. The German archaeologist Stadlmann believes it is not far away, as it is believed that the pyramid was re-closed during the Ramesses, and then opened in the reign of Caliph al-Ma'mun. It seems from the simple reports of ancient Greek historians, such as Herodotus, that they were not seen inside the pyramid.
Shape a room inside the pyramid for weight relief chambers
Rooms relieve weight pressure
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Over the roof of the king's room there are 5 rooms above each other closed from all sides. And above those rooms built with the intention of reducing the weight of the pyramid from the ceiling of the King's Chamber built the ceiling gabled (in the form of number 8). This gallon-shaped ceiling distributes the weight of the pyramid on the walls of the king's chamber rather than on the ceiling itself, breaking down and destroying the room. Aus der Sicht der.
The total height of the king's room is about 21 meters.
An illustration of the king's room and weight-relief chambers
The first room was discovered above the king's chamber by British diplomat Nathaniel Davison in 1765, bearing his name from that time. . Then the other four rooms were discovered in 1837 by British officer Howard Weiss and John Bering, who used hammer, chisel and cold to reach the upper room. The names of celebrities from that era were called on the rooms: Hersog von Lillington, Horato Nelson, Admiral Nelson, Lady Arbuthnot and Consul Patrick Campbell.
An illustration of the king's room and weight-relief chambers
In the four rooms above the king's chamber were found hieroglyphic writings of the workers who were building the pyramid, as well as signs of the construction process. These writings written in red give an idea of the system of work and measurement technology in the era of Khufu. There are numerous groups of workers who were transporting stones. The Khaddam Khufu and Horus Mediu Nazif collections are mentioned in the southern half of the rooms; the writings of the "White Crown of Khneum-Khufu Strong" group are purged in the north. This shows that the system of labor included that each of the workers' groups was constructing their own part of the construction.
Writing on a building stone, written by workers and bearing the name of Khufu
Many building signs were found. In the western part of Lady Arbuthnot's room there were signs identifying the central axis of the North-South Pyramid, which might have determined the status of the coffin in the king's chamber. In that room, the level of the western wall of the king's room, located 11 meters below it, was determined.
Writings of workers in Nelson's room (for "Vis" and "Bering" 1840)
The Great Pyramid Khufu
To Be Continued
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