. The Great Pyramid . Khufu . ( 3 )

 . The Great Pyramid  . Khufu .

  ( 3 )

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  . Khufu .

The horizontal corridor of Queen's room

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At the beginning of the ascending corridor to the large pyramids there is a 38-meter horizontal corridor leading to the queen's room. The first 5 meters of this corridor is open to the top. On her right and left, two openings were opened in the two walls. The German researcher, "Michael Haas," that they are intended to save devices used to move the closing stones stored in the middle corridor in the lobby.

Great Pyramid of Giza, S-N diagram.

The width of the corridor is 1.05 meters (equivalent to 2 an old royal arm) and is 1.17 meters high, which is lower than the height of the closing stones by three centimeters. The corridor is slightly tilted towards the queen's room and in the last 5.5 meters it tilts 0.5 m and the floor of the queen's room rests on this elevation.

Queen Room

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The queen's room is located exactly midway between the north and south sides of the pyramid: the queen's chamber is 5.75 meters (18.9 feet) from north to south, and 5.23 meters (17.2 feet) from east to west. It is lined with white calcareous stones and has a ceiling in the form of a roof of a height of 6.23 meters. "/> The 30.5 ° gabled ceiling angle starts at 4.77 meters high from the floor tiles of the room and was the first room to be built in a pyramid.

The eastern wall of the chamber has an angle of 4.7 m and a depth of 1 m in the wall, decorated on both sides by a domed dome. The function of that angle is unknown. The researcher believes that "Petri" that the corner was dedicated to a statue where Petri found on the slopes and debris of the stone Diorit outside the pyramid from the north. It is also suitable for the idea of ​​a basement, a room in which a statue of the king or queen is placed, and the Ka is "the twin of the same person". Starting from that angle a narrow tunnel of 15.30 meters inside the heart of the pyramid scientists differ in his job.

Corner in the queen's room.

The Rock Room
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The descending path ends in the rock room. The room looks like an unfinished picture and the floor has not been adjusted to the level it should have been. The western part of it was not shaped in the rock. On its wall is a longitudinal excavation that was a prelude to removing the rest of the rocks and completing the excavation of the chamber. Archaeologist Michael Haas believes the workers have had great difficulty working at that depth, with oxygen less than breathing and the torches they used to light the place while working, especially away from the exit and source of fresh air about 105 meters underground, as well as smoke from torches.

The Rock Room

Room measures are 8.36 meters in the north direction and 14.08 meters in the east and west direction, with a maximum height of 5.03 meters. The floor in the eastern part of the room was uneven and below the level of the corridor floor by about 1.3 m, indicating that the floor of the room was planned. From the south-east corner there is an extension of the corridor, which reaches 16.41 meters in the south direction where the workers stopped working. Its function is unknown and finds traces of one worker who was barely digging into the rock using a hammer and chisel. There is also a deep hole in the eastern part of the rock chamber. The walls of the pit are not parallel to the chamber walls but tend to have about 45 degrees. The Bering archaeologist landed in the hole to a depth of 11 meters, possibly from another room but found nothing.

The Rock Room

Ventilation tunnel, exit and cave
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There is a tunnel of ventilation and prepared for the departure of the priests and workers after the burial of Pharaoh and the blocking of the rooms, this tunnel between the large lobby and the descending corridor. The lower entrance is located about 1 meter below the entrance of the descending passageway. The work seems to have started in the rock at a height of 5.7 meters from the base of the pyramid. This tunnel runs downhill like a "cave" in the rock.

The cave was thought to be the remains of a chamber of an initial mummy, [41] but there is no evidence of this. Because the design and method of building the cave does not support that guesswork. A large piece of granite was found in the cave, probably one of the closing stones of the queen's and king's chambers.

Layout of the cave and the tunnel passing through it: vertical section (top), horizontal section (bottom)

After descending about 5.2 meters (about 10 old royal arm) vertically down from the cave, the tunnel runs as follows: 26 meters down at an angle of about 45 degrees to the south, 9.5 meters at an angle of about 75 degrees and a length of 2.3 meters to the southeast horizontally To meet the descending path. From the cave to the top, the tunnel passes through the heart stones of the pyramid length of 61 meters to reach a height of 21.80 meters inside the pyramid until it emerges from the floor of the large lobby.

Researchers believe that the tunnel was intended for ventilation in the rock chamber and at the same time to exit. If the tunnel was to be used only for engineers to choose a shorter route to build it and connect it to the downhill lane.

(alMa'mun entrance)

Idea out

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After the priests and workers put the mummy of Pharaoh or the queen's mummy in her place, the workers close the room with huge granite stones (one of which was found in the cave). After placing a pharaoh in his place, his room also closes, and the ascending corridor from the bottom closes with huge granite stones (these stones are stored in the large lobby). The workers go through the tunnel down to the downhill corridor and from there to the outside and then close the entrance to the pyramid.

Giza Plateau

Corridor rookie

Corridor rookie

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Under the original entrance at a distance of 27.4 meters inside the pyramid there is at the ceiling of the descending corridor branching to the ascending corridor. This branch connects the lower structure of the rock and the construction of the upper pyramid and the system of rooms. The corridor is 1.2 meters high and has a width of 1.05 meters and reaches 37.7 meters to the large lobby. At the beginning of the road, the corridor is reduced to about 0.97 for the purpose of blocking the dam. To date, three large granite blocks remain in place, and the passage can not be reached through the tunnel dug by the workers of the Caliph al-Ma'mun.

The upper passageway is characterized by four large limestone blocks vertically perpendicular to the passage. .

The researchers Maraggioglio and Renaldi explain that in order to protect the descending path, it gives it stability and distributes the weight of the pyramid to it and to the neighboring structure.

The lobby is large
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The lobby is large

The large lobby extends along the ascending corridor but is slightly bent by 1'20 "from the north.  The width of the lobby is twice the width of the corridor and its roof is much higher than the bitter one; it has a dome (the rows of stones move over the right and left wall gradually, In the direction of the roof.) 
 At the same time, this structure stabilizes and distributes the heavier stone on both sides of the foyer. After a height of 8 and 1 meters for the walls of the lobby, the rows of stones move inwards about 8 centimeters in length, and so on up to the seventh layer of the sides walls until the ceiling width reaches about 1 meter. The height of the large lobby is about 5 and 8 meters; it is 46 meters long, and the large lobby leads into the king's chamber. 

Historical image of the great hall of 1910

The central part of the lobby is widths of 5 and 1 m and on each side of the platform is a height of 52 and 0 m and width of 52 and 0 m. On the sidewalks and on the two walls close to them, there are 25 holes on each side. The distance between the pits is 4 and 1 meters and some are 5 and 1 meters. The two walls were drilled in the form of "false" windows with a width of 0.67 in 0.20 meters, and polygons in the two platforms were 0.52-0.18 meters. The wall pits appeared to have been filled with plaster. . 

The researchers, Flanders Petrie and Noel Wheeler, considered that the false windows and the excavation were intended to fix the stone dams that fill the lower part of the hallway

To Be Continued

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